Paix, Catherine, dir. (1990) Bourgeoisie des Tiers Mondes d’hier à aujourd’hui. Revue Tiers-Monde, 31 (124).

Open Addressable Device Tiers

Neutralization tiers of HIV-1

PURPOSE OF REVIEW HIV-1 isolates are often classified on the basis of neutralization 'tier' phenotype. Tier classification has important implications for the monitoring and interpretation of vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibody responses. The molecular basis that distinguishes the multiple neutralization phenotypes of HIV-1 has been unclear. We present a model based on the dynamic nature of t...

Links: Web Programming Without Tiers

Links is a programming language for web applications that generates code for all three tiers of a web application from a single source, compiling into JavaScript to run on the client and into SQL to run on the database. Links supports rich clients running in what has been dubbed ‘Ajax’ style, and supports concurrent processes with statically-typed message passing. Links is scalable in the sense...

Dynamic Management of Caching Tiers

Application owners are typically concerned about getting the best performance at the lowest cost. When the workload demand for an application is dynamic, lowering the cost necessitates dynamic management of the hosting infrastructure (physical servers or virtual machines). An application deployment is often divided into multiple tiers. The frontend tier is usually stateless, and processes incom...

Hungary: Holding Back the Tiers

Few voting systems in the world possess a feature set as rich as the Hungarian electoral law, which incorporates three distinct sets of districts, a mixed-member system, a two-round system (2RS) (using two different criteria for run-off qualification), two potentially separate legal thresholds, two different sets of rules for proportional representation (PR), plus a few additional twists relate...